What is DNS?

DNS stands for Domain Name System. It helps correlating a user-friendly name to IP address. If DNS was not present, we should be memorizing the IP address of each host – which is impossible. DNS converts IP addresses to easy to remember texts – which we call hostnames. When you type this text into a web browser or if you try to send an e-mail, this request is relayed to a name server which looks up for the IP address of the web server.

How Does DNS Work?

DNS Based Attacks

Each and every day we are seeing new types of attacks. Throughout the experiences in customer networks, there are multiple kinds of attacks and we need to treat them differently.

The Volumetric or DDoS attacks:

• DNS reflection
• DNS amplification
• TCP/UDP/ICMP floods
• NXDOMAIN attack
• Phantom domain attack
• Random subdomain attack
• Domain lockup attack

DNS Based Attacks:

How to Send Commands to the CISCO Router via SNMP

Requirements

1- First create a community and grant Read&Write rights to this community.

en

conf t

snmp-server community community-name rw

copy running-config startup-config

2- Configure tftp, ftp etc services on the server which will be sending the commands.

3- Create a directory including the file containing the commands to be sent.

Method

Using FreeRadius To Update and Proxy Requests

FreeRADIUS is a modular, high performance free RADIUS suite developed and distributed under the GNU General Public License, version 2, and is free for download and use. The FreeRADIUS Suite includes a RADIUS server, a BSD-licensed RADIUS client library, a PAM library, an Apache module, and numerous additional RADIUS related utilities and development libraries. This is the description in Wikipedia.